This scale measures how emotionally attached a consumer feels to a brand, emphasizing stated "love" for the brand and the sense that it would be missed if no longer available, rather than actual buying behavior. Pratt et al. (2023) used it in a large national tracking survey of vehicle owners to study how competitor price promotions affect incumbent brand loyalty.
Pratt, Alexander B., Stacey G. Robinson, Clay M. Voorhees, Joyce (Feng) Wang, and Michael D. Giebelhausen (2023), "Unintended Effects of Price Promotions: Forgoing Competitors' Price Promotions Strengthens Incumbent Brand Loyalty," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 51 (5), 1143-1164.
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