Five-item scale measuring the extent to which two merging firms’ offerings were similar prior to a merger or acquisition, across five dimensions: customer needs satisfied, technology base, quality level, distribution channels, and price positioning. Serves as a moderator of the relationship between marketing integration processes and performance outcomes in M&A.
Homburg, C., & Bucerius, M. (2005). A marketing perspective on mergers and acquisitions: How marketing integration affects postmerger performance. Journal of Marketing, 69(1), 95–113.
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