This scale measures how much a consumer believes a brand carries symbolic meaning that connects them to their real self and important values. Bartsch, Zeugner-Roth, and Katsikeas (2022) used the symbolism dimension of an established brand authenticity measure to help validate their consumer authenticity seeking (CAS) framework.
Bartsch, Fabian, Katharina Petra Zeugner-Roth, and Constantine Katsikeas (2022), "Consumer Authenticity Seeking: Conceptualization, Measurement, and Contingent Effects," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 50 (2), 296-323.
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