Competitive State Anxiety Inventory–2

What it measures

The most widely used measure of pre-competitive state anxiety. Cognitive anxiety captures worry and negative expectations; Somatic anxiety captures physiological arousal perceptions; Self-confidence captures positive expectations. The most cited anxiety measure in sport psychology, used in thousands of studies across individual and team sports.

Representative items

• I am concerned about this competition. (Cognitive)
• I feel nervous. (Somatic)
• I feel at ease. (R, Somatic)
• I am concerned that I may not do as well in this competition as I could. (Cognitive)
• I feel self-confident. (Self-Confidence)

Citation

Martens, R., Burton, D., Vealey, R.S., Bump, L.A., & Smith, D.E. (1990). Development and validation of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. In R. Martens, R.S. Vealey, & D. Burton (Eds.), Competitive anxiety in sport (pp. 117-190). Human Kinetics.