A three-item scale measuring the degree to which a consumer perceives a charitable organisation as wasteful and inefficient in its use of donated funds. Items tap beliefs about financial wastefulness, inefficient funding use, and scepticism about whether donations actually reach intended beneficiaries. The scale captures the cognitive distrust dimension of charity evaluation — concerns about operational overhead and fund allocation — rather than distrust of the organisation's mission or values.
Yin, Bingqing (Miranda), Yexin Jessica Li, and Surendra Singh (2020). Coins are cold and cards are caring: The effect of pregiving incentives on charity perceptions, relationship norms, and donation behavior. Journal of Marketing, 84(6), 57–73.
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