Measures the depth of a firm's market knowledge — the level of sophistication and complexity with which the firm understands customers and competitors, including the ability to connect unique and interdependent relationships among market factors. Captures the vertical dimension of market knowledge (vs. breadth as horizontal). Uses 5-point semantic differential anchors.
De Luca, L.M. & Atuahene-Gima, K. (2007). Market knowledge dimensions and cross-functional collaboration: Examining the different routes to product innovation performance. Journal of Marketing, 71(1), 95–112.
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