Scarcity of Safety

What it measures

This three-item scale measures how much a person believes that they, or their family and friends, have suffered from a lack of safety or been at risk of violence. Vieites, Goldszmidt, and Andrade (2022) used it in a pretest of 100 Rio de Janeiro residents, drawn from both a wealthy area and a densely populated low-income area, before the main studies of their research on how social class shapes donation preferences. No source was given for the scale.

Response format

5-point Likert-type (1 = totally disagree, 5 = totally agree)

Scale items

• I or people close to me (friends or family) have suffered with the lack of safety.
• I or people close to me (friends or family) have run the risk of being victims of violence.
• Suffering violence is a genuine concern in my life or in the life of those close to me (friends and family).

Full scale items shown. Always cite the original source when using this scale in research.

Usage notes & scoring

Alpha was .87 (Vieites, Goldszmidt, and Andrade 2022, p. 780). Validity was not discussed. The questionnaire was administered in Portuguese; the items are the authors' English translation, and the anchors shown are translations (web appendix, p. 3). See also Scarcity of Food (ID 90531), from the same pretest, and Discrimination Expectation (ID 90362).

Citation

Vieites, Yan, Rafael Goldszmidt, and Eduardo B. Andrade (2022), "Social Class Shapes Donation Allocation Preferences," Journal of Consumer Research, 48 (5), 775-795.

Keywords

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