Time Pressure When Shopping Scale (Retail Manager-Rated)

What it measures

Two-item manager-rated scale measuring the degree to which a store’s average customers experience time pressure during shopping. Adapted from Srinivasan and Ratchford (1991) and recontextualised as a store manager’s perception of the customer base rather than a customer self-report.

Response format

5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

Scale items

• On average, my customers seem to be pressed for time during the shopping process.
• On average, shopping appears to be a real burden on the time of my customers.

Full scale items shown. Always cite the original source when using this scale in research.

Usage notes & scoring

Composite reliability = .85. Manager-rated recontextualisation of Srinivasan and Ratchford (1991). Hypothesised as a positive antecedent of service-oriented business strategy (H9) but found non-significant (β = .03, n.s.) in this study. Useful for future work on time-saving retail services.

Recommended companion scales

Citation

Homburg, C., Hoyer, W. D., & Fassnacht, M. (2002). Service orientation of a retailer’s business strategy: Dimensions, antecedents, and performance outcomes. Journal of Marketing, 66(4), 86–101.

Keywords