Measures the extent to which a person is confident that their attitude toward a focal object is correct and unlikely to change. Adapted by Mathmann et al. (2017) for use in a product choice context. Items are directed toward a specific attitude object specified by the researcher. High certainty reflects a firm, resistant attitude; low certainty reflects ambivalence.
Krosnick, J.A., Boninger, D.S., Chuang, Y.C., Berent, M.K., & Carnot, C.G. (1993). Attitude strength: One construct or many related constructs? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(6), 1132–1151.
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