Measures how conflicted and difficult a person perceives a decision to be. Items assess the degree of internal conflict, perceived difficulty, and the inverse — ease of choice. Designed for scenarios where a decision is hypothetical, though minor rephrasing allows use in post-decision contexts. Validated as a manipulation check for decision difficulty.
Ward, M.K., & Broniarczyk, S.M. (2016). Ask and you shall (not) receive: Close friends prioritize relational signaling over recipient preferences in their gift choices. Journal of Marketing Research, 53(6), 1001–1018.
Free access to 2023+ psychometric scales at PsychScales