The scale captures the social benefits a customer perceives from an ongoing relationship with a service provider — being recognized as an individual, having personal needs understood, and feeling a genuine connection beyond the transaction itself. Four items assess whether the firm treats the customer personally rather than anonymously, capturing the relational warmth side of long-term customer-firm bonds.
7-point Likert (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)
Full scale items shown. Always cite the original source when using this scale in research.
Factor analytic procedures were used to support the scale's structural validity.
Grégoire, Yany, Thomas M. Tripp, and Renaud Legoux (2009), "When Customer Love Turns into Lasting Hate: The Effects of Relationship Strength and Time on Customer Revenge and Avoidance," Journal of Marketing, 73 (6), 18- 32.
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