This scale measures how much a shopper perceives a store as offering an exclusive, exciting, and out-of-the-ordinary experience rather than a routine one. Henkel and Toporowski (2023) used a short three-item version in two early studies and a fuller nine-item version, covering atmosphere, uniqueness, and staff attentiveness, in three later studies of pop-up retail.
Henkel, Laura and Waldemar Toporowski (2023), "Once They've Been There, They Like to Share: Capitalizing on Ephemerality and Need for Uniqueness to Drive Word of Mouth for Brands with Pop-up Stores," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 51 (6), 1284-1304.
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