Nine nine-point items from the Schwartz Value Survey measure the importance of universalism values as guiding principles in a person's life. Items span concern for the natural environment, unity with nature, appreciation for beauty, tolerance, social justice, wisdom, equality, world peace, and inner harmony. The scale reflects self-transcendent values that stand in opposition to self-enhancement values such as hedonism and materialism.
Burroughs, J. E., & Rindfleisch, A. (2002). Materialism and well-being: A conflicting values perspective. Journal of Consumer Research, 29(3), 348–370.
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