A three-item scale measuring a consumer's subjective sense that they are personally in control of whether bad things happen to them and can shape outcomes to their desired end. Items tap the felt capacity to prevent negative events, the ability to make things come out as desired even when bad things occur, and a generalised sense of situational control. Developed for research on contagion threat and consumer choice, the scale captures perceived personal efficacy over outcomes.
Galoni, Chelsea, Gregory S. Carpenter, and Hayagreeva Rao (2020). Disgusted and afraid: Consumer choices under the threat of contagious disease. Journal of Consumer Research, 47(3), 373–392.
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