Four items assess the degree to which a consumer perceives a brand's touchpoints as united by a clear and coherent thematic concept. This is one of three first-order dimensions of the effective customer journey design (CJD) second-order construct. AVE was .66 (U.S.) and .64 (Europe). Discriminant validity from the other two CJD dimensions was confirmed using the Fornell–Larcker criterion.
Kuehn, C., Jozic, D., & Homburg, C. (2019). Effective customer journey design: Consumers' conception, measurement, and consequences. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 47(3), 551–568.
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