Five items measure a consumer's commitment to repurchasing a brand and recommending it to others in the future. Kuehn, Jozic, and Homburg (2019) adopted the scale from Brakus, Schmitt, and Zarantonello (2009), who had incorporated three items from Yoo and Donthu (2001). The scale was used across two large-scale studies — one in the U.S. (n not specified) and one in Europe — spanning 4,814 consumers total.
Kuehn, C., Jozic, D., & Homburg, C. (2019). Effective customer journey design: Consumers' conception, measurement, and consequences. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 47(3), 551–568.
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