Environmental Friendliness of the Package Material

What it measures

This scale measures a consumer's belief that a particular type of product packaging causes less harm to the environment than other packaging. Sokolova, Krishna, and Döring (2023) used it across eight studies in the body of the article and six more in the web appendix, borrowing phrases and concepts from Gershoff and Frels (2015) and Haws, Winterich, and Naylor (2014).

Response format

7-point Likert (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)

Scale items

• This packaging is friendly to the environment.
• The manufacturing and disposal of this packaging causes less harm to the environment.
• This packaging is relatively more eco-friendly than other packaging.
• This packaging deserves to be labeled "environmentally friendly."

Full scale items shown. Always cite the original source when using this scale in research.

Usage notes & scoring

Across the many studies in which the scale was used, internal consistency was very high, with the authors describing all alphas except one as well above .90 (exact values were not tabulated per study). Validity was not discussed. The authors borrowed phrases and concepts from Gershoff and Frels (2015) and Haws, Winterich, and Naylor (2014) rather than adapting either scale directly.

Citation

Sokolova, Tatiana, Aradhna Krishna, and Tim Döring (2023), "Paper Meets Plastic: The Perceived Environmental Friendliness of Product Packaging," Journal of Consumer Research, 50 (3), 468-491.

Keywords