Seven items assess the extent to which a consumer perceives a specific advertisement as deceptive in its environmental claims — through vague, exaggerated, incomplete, or false green information. Schmuck, Matthes, and Naderer (2018) developed the scale by adapting five items from Chen and Chang (2013) and adding two further items. The scale was applied in Studies 1 and 2 using U.S. and German consumer samples respectively.
Schmuck, D., Matthes, J., & Naderer, B. (2018). Misleading consumers with green advertising? An affect–reason–involvement account of greenwashing effects in environmental advertising. Journal of Advertising, 47(2), 127–145.
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