The scale measures perceived costs associated with referring someone else, the counterpart to the benefits side of referral decision-making.
7-point unipolar Likert (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)
Full scale items shown. Always cite the original source when using this scale in research.
Source not stated by Gershon, Cryder, and John (2020), who appear to have created the scale themselves; used across five studies with a range of referred entities. Reliability was good (α = .78–.88). Validity wasn't separately assessed. Like its companion referral-benefits scale, the wording transfers flexibly across contexts.
Gershon, R., Cryder, C., & John, L.K. (2020). Why Prosocial Referral Incentives Work: The Interplay of Reputational Benefits and Action Costs. Journal of Marketing Research, 57(1), 156–172.
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