Three items measure a user's perception that a website operates without technical glitches — specifically the absence of crashes, server errors, and pages still under construction. Developed as part of a large multi-site study of online trust drivers.
Bart, Y., Shankar, V., Sultan, F., & Urban, G. L. (2005). Are the drivers and role of online trust the same for all web sites and consumers? A large-scale exploratory empirical study. Journal of Marketing, 69(4), 133–152.
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