A four-item scale measuring how frequently a consumer abandons their online shopping cart without completing a purchase. Items capture the behaviour across several specific manifestations — leaving items in the cart without buying, placing items without purchasing during the same session, closing the browser before completing the transaction, and overall cart abandonment frequency. The scale provides a generalised behavioural frequency measure of cart abandonment as a consumer shopping pattern.
Kukar-Kinney, Monika and Angeline G. Close (2010). The determinants of consumers' online shopping cart abandonment. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 38(2), 240–250.
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