Five items assess the extent to which an e-retailer tailors its recommendations, products, promotions, and transactional interface to individual customers, making each feel uniquely served.
7-point Likert (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)
Full scale items shown. Always cite the original source when using this scale in research.
Alpha of .80. Part of the 8Cs e-loyalty model. Items blend product, promotion, and interface personalisation — researchers should check whether this multifaceted customisation construct is appropriate for their specific research question.
Srinivasan, S. S., Anderson, R., & Ponnavolu, K. (2002). Customer loyalty in e-commerce: An exploration of its antecedents and consequences. Journal of Retailing, 78(1), 41–50.
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