MPMS Cause-and-Effect Relationships Scale

What it measures

Three-item scale measuring the extent to which a marketing performance measurement system provides explicit information about cause-and-effect relationships within the marketing value chain—whether it shows how activities and results connect, whether measures build upon each other, and whether causal relationships are visible. The most consistently effective sub-component of CMPMS for improving market knowledge across contingency conditions.

Response format

7-point scale (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree); rated by management accounting executives

Scale items

• Our performance measurement system in marketing shows how marketing activities and results are connected.
• Our performance measurement system in marketing consists of measures which build upon each other.
• Our performance measurement system in marketing shows cause-and-effect relationships.

Full scale items shown. Always cite the original source when using this scale in research.

Usage notes & scoring

Composite reliability = .84; AVE = .64. Rated by management accounting executives in a dyadic design. MPMS-CER showed the strongest and most consistent associations with market knowledge across all three contingency moderators. For marketing alignment, effects were strongest at high marketing complexity and low market dynamism. Adapted from Bisbe, Batista-Foguet, and Chenhall (2007), Chenhall (2005), Hall (2008).

Recommended companion scales

Citation

Homburg, C., Artz, M., & Wieseke, J. (2012). Marketing performance measurement systems: Does comprehensiveness really improve performance? Journal of Marketing, 76(3), 56–77.

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