A seven-item scale assessing a perceiver's judgement that another individual displays narcissistic grandiosity—believing themselves superior, seeking the spotlight, and holding an inflated self-view. Adapted from the IPIP-NEO Modesty subscale (Costa & McCrae, 1992) and reframed for third-party perception. Used as a manipulation check for boastful word-of-mouth research.
Packard, G., Gershoff, A.D., & Wooten, D.B. (2016). When boastful word of mouth helps versus hurts social perceptions and persuasion. Journal of Consumer Research, 43(1), 26–43.
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