Place Attachment

What it measures

Missing a place when away from it, defending it when criticized — four items capture the emotional bond people form with locations.

Response Format

7-point Likert (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)

Representative items

• I defend _____ when somebody criticizes it.
• I miss _____ when I am not there.
• I am proud of _____.
• _____ is a part of myself.

Citation

Lewicka, M. (2008). Place Attachment, Place Identity, and Place Memory: Restoring the Forgotten City Past, “Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28 (3), 209–231. Styvén, Maria Ek, Marcello M. Mariani, and Carola Strandberg (2020), "This Is My Hometown! The Role of Place Attachment, Congruity, and Self-Expressiveness on Residents’ Intention to Share a Place Brand Message Online. Journal of Advertising, 49(5), 540-556.

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