This four-item scale measures how joyful, rewarding, and meaningful a person considers their life to be. Moorhouse, Goode, Cotte, and Widney (2023), who called it well-being, used it in Study 1 with 333 Prolific participants in research on how anticipated stigma drives concealment of consumer debt. The authors built the items from ideas and key words in scales by Baumeister et al. (2013), Diener et al. (1985), and others.
7-point Likert (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree)
Full scale items shown. Always cite the original source when using this scale in research.
Alpha was .88 in Study 1 (Moorhouse et al. 2023, p. 1139). The scale was also used in Study 6 and other studies, but their reliabilities were not reported. Validity was not discussed. Named with a qualifier to distinguish it from the Satisfaction with Life Scale (ID 20), whose items it does not reuse, and Satisfaction with Life (ID 1692). See also Anticipated Debt Stigma (ID 90215) and Debt Secrecy (ID 90339), from the same article.
Moorhouse, Michael, Miranda Goode, June Cotte, and Jennifer Widney (2023), "Helping Those That Hide: Anticipated Stigmatization Drives Concealment and a Destructive Cycle of Debt," Journal of Marketing Research, 60 (6), 1135-1153.
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