Assesses whether a person found an activity or information source fun, enjoyable, and worth exploring. Items 1 and 2 evaluate the object or activity itself; items 3 and 4 capture the respondent's internal affective and exploratory states during the experience. This inconsistency in referent is a noted face validity concern. Developed by extracting key terms from a 9-item playfulness scale by Moon and Kim (2001). CFA confirmed convergent and discriminant validity across two studies, with AVEs of .77 and .76.
Müller-Stewens, J., Schlager, T., Häubl, G., & Herrmann, A. (2017). Gamified information presentation and consumer adoption of product innovations. Journal of Marketing, 81(2), 8–24.
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